'When' with the Simple Past or the Past Perfect

The tense in the main clause (independent clause) tells you whether when means 'before' or 'after'.


1. When she met Prince Charming, Cinderella was happy.  [when = after]


2. When she met Prince Charming, Cinderella had been dreaming of 
    changing her life.  [when = before]

Past Perfect & Past Perfect Continuous Tenses

The past perfect is used to show a clear time relationship between two past actions occurring in the same sentence.  It shows which action happened first.

It is formed with the auxiliary verb 'have' in the simple past tense and the past participle.

The past perfect continuous is similarly used to show a clear time relationship between two past actions, one of which occurred for a period time before the second action occurred. 

It is formed with the auxiliary verb 'have' in the simple past tense, the past participle of 'be', and the -ing form of the main verb.

More Practice with the Passive Voice

If you would like some more practice with the passive voice, here are some online exercises that you can try.

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive

Homework, Wednesday, May 15th

Part 4

1. A video cassette recorder is called a "VCR."  P

2. The patient does not need a prescription.  A

3. English is not spoken in Cuba.  P

4. My ring has been found.  P

5. They are eating the pizza.  A

6. The teacher will take the children to the zoo.  A

7. People with cancer take this drug.  A

8. This drug can't be sold without a prescription.  P

9. He has taken her to the doctor.  A

10. Medication has to be used carefully.  P

11. You should tell your doctor about the problem.  A

12. The directions should be read.  P


Part 5


1. A lot of corrections were made on my last composition.  P

2. The composition was/is/will be collected at the end of the day.  P

3. The teacher returned the homework.  A

4. The students wrote/write their answers in the book.  A

5. Your name should be written at the top of the page.  P

6. The students are not permitted to use their textbooks during the exam.  P

7. The teacher watches/ is watching/ was watching/ watched the students during the test.  A

8. The test is/will be returned the next day.  P

9. The students should study before a test.  A


Part 6


1. There are many working mothers in Canada.

2. Most women have demanded careers.

3. Few women wait until their children are grown before starting a career.

4. Growing children need someone to take care of them.

5. All children need loving parents.

6. Many parents are bored with housework.

7. Housework is sometimes boring.

8. Where is your day care centre located?

9. When did you get divorced?

10. It's not easy to get accustomed to a new life.

Homework, Monday, May 13th

Lesson 2 Review

Part 1

1. The composition wasn't written by Jim.

2. The criminal was taken to the police station.

3. A dictionary was left on the floor of the classroom.

4. Where did the accident happened?

5. I wasn't told about the party. C

6. I had a tiring day at work yesterday.

7. I'm worried about my children.  C

8. It is  well-known fact that women live longer than men.

9. Married people live longer than single people. C

10. Everyone should have insurance.  Is your car insured?

11. I'm very tired. I can't do this exercise now.

12. I come from a warm country.  I'm not used to cold weather.

13. Last week we saw a very boring movie. C

14. She has an interesting job. C

15. I was surprised to find out that you are married.

Part 2

1. My dictionary has been taken.

2. The windows are being washed now.

3. A new drug was being tested.

4. We must be driven to the hospital soon.

5. The letter wasn't written carefully.

6. She has to be told.

7. New drugs will not be sold if they aren't approved by the government.

Part 3

1. He rented the video.

2. The teacher should make corrections.

3. The child has done the homework.

4. Parents have to teach their children.

5. She was reading a story.

6. We can use our dictionaries during the test.

7. The teacher is showing a movie.

Present and Past Participial Adjectives

Present and past participles can be used as adjectives. Sometimes, they even look like passive voice forms but don't be fooled. They are adjectives.






Present participles describe the person 'doing' the action.

The soccer player is boring the other guy.










Past participles describe the person 'receiving' the action.

The student is bored.

Remember that participles, like: I'm lost; The bus is gone; are adjectives not passive forms.  

Homework, Wednesday, May 8th

Exercise 6:

1. Research is being done to find a cure for diseases.

2. Studies are being conducted.

3. Reports are being written.

4. Animals are being used in experiments.

5. We are being informed of medical advances.


Exercise 7:

1. The textbook is being used for this exercise.

2. The passive voice is being practised.

3. The sentences are being changed from active to passive.

4. The mistakes are being corrected.

5. The teacher is being asked a question.


Exercise 8:

1. The students listen to the teacher. (A)

2. The students are being instructed by the teacher to use the passive voice. (P)

3. The students are filling in the blanks with passive or active verbs. (A)

4. A passive verb is being used in some of these sentences. (P)

5. We are using the textbook for this exercise. (A)

6. The teacher is correcting the students' mistakes. (A)

7.  The answers are being discussed. (P)

8. The students are practising the passive and the active voice. (A)

9. Modal verbs are not being studied at this time. (P)


Exercise 10:

1. Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.

2. The Magic Flute was composed by Mozart.

3. The St. Lawrence River was explored by Jacques Cartier.

4. Canada's official Maple Leaf flag was adopted in 1965 by Parliament.

5. The Mona Lisa was painted by Da Vinci.